TOLERANSI PADA MASYARAKAT AKADEMIK

Ramadhanita Mustika Sari, Creator and Prof. Dr. M. Bambang Pranowo, MA, Promotor 1 and Prof. Dr. Abdul Mujib, M.Si, Promotor 2 (2015) TOLERANSI PADA MASYARAKAT AKADEMIK. Doctoral thesis, UIN SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA.

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Abstract

Abstract This thesis mainly concludes that the more a person understands the relativity of truth, the more tolerant the person is towards different opinions. This conclusion is in line with Hargrove’s (1985) opinion that open-mindedness is resulted from the relativity of knowledge (the knowledge that is attached to certain people or culture). Furthermore, the acculturation between one’s thought and a certain culture can be resulted from the sociology of knowledge. This proposition is supported by McCarthy (1998) and Golf (1980). On the other hand, this conclusion is in different stance from other opinions from Scheler (1982), who believed that the relativity of knowledge might result in morality problems, and Mulkay (1980), who thought that empirical knowledge could be jeopardized by the belief of relativity in knowledge. This dissertation shows that the sociology of knowledge is contributive in creating the tolerant culture among students in Islamic higher institutions, especially in the School of Graduate Studies (SGS) UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. This tolerant culture develops because the sociology of knowledge discourages claims of absolute truth. This places the truth in a relative place because there is no such thing as absolute truth, and in turn, this condition creates a tolerant culture. This also means that the sociology of knowledge promotes the idea of the relativity of truth. This study found that one of the factors to tolerant culture within the School of Graduate Studies is the integrative model of curriculum. This study aims at finding out how tolerant culture develops within SGS UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, and how the sociology of knowledge contributes to the development of tolerant culture. The tolerant culture in this study is defined as the culture of getting accustomed to and accepting other people with their differences. The acceptance can be in the form of respecting and seeing other people as equal. However, in this study, being tolerant is not defined as passively accepting differences. Being tolerant should be based on a deep understanding, open-mindedness, dialogues, and freedom to speech. Accordingly, the tolerant culture within SGS UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta can be understood as a positive attitude towards differences among students and lecturers. Being tolerant in this study is limited to accepting differences in social life, not in religious life. This study employs a qualitative method. The main sources of data are from observations and interviews related to tolerant culture in SGS UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. In addition, this study refers to the theory of sociology of knowledge (theory social construction of reality).

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